太行山东麓含煤区构造特征与深部找煤方向     

张路锁  ;占文锋  ;曹代勇 《中国煤炭地质》2008,(10):22-24

太行山东麓含煤区以中生代末期以来的伸展构造变形为主导,煤系埋深自西向东逐渐加大,沿太行山前呈NNE向条带状展布。区内构造样式丰富,以NE、NNE向正断层组合为特征。其深部控煤构造样式主要为两类堑垒构造组合和掀斜断块组合两类。通过研究区构造组合的分析,掌握了太行山东麓含煤区煤田构造的特征,为老矿区外围深部找煤提供了依据。  相似文献   

Controls on Holocene deep‐water sedimentation in the northern Gioia Basin,Tyrrhenian Sea     

FABIANO GAMBERI  MICHAEL MARANI 《Sedimentology》2008,55(6):1889-1903

The northern Gioia Basin of the south‐east Tyrrhenian Sea is a slope basin, ～ 20 km wide and ～ 50 km long, with a bathymetry of ≤ 1300 m, bounded by the Calabro‐Sicilian landmass and the Aeolian Island Arc. Coarse sediment is supplied from the Calabrian margin, where the shelf is very narrow to non‐existent, whereas the wider shelf on the Sicilian margin prevents supply by storing river‐fed sediments. The basin is dominated by the Gioia–Mesima canyon/channel system paralleled by a tongue‐shaped depositional lobe. Multibeam bathymetric surveys, sea floor reflectivity data and airgun seismic profiles reveal the recent evolution of the submarine system. Slope canyons and basin‐floor levéed channels formed where major rivers built deltas at the shelfless Calabrian margin and strong hyperpycnal flows predominated. The channels are a few hundred metres wide and a few tens of metres deep, with a downslope change from a straight to meandering pattern where the slope gradient decreases from 3·2% to 1·7%. The Mesima Channel has its lower segment abandoned because of avulsion and crevasse‐splay formation at an upslope bend. The adjacent Gioia Channel has had its upper segment straightened and lower segment entrenched because of erosional deepening of the Stromboli Valley into which it debouches and which acts as the local base level. Overbank features include levées, coalescent splays and ‘yazoo’ channels; their nature and surface characteristics depend upon the magnitude and sediment grain‐size of spill‐over flows. On an adjoining narrow shelf sliver of the Calabrian margin, in contrast, the coalescing plumes of sediment suspension supplied by an array of smaller coastal streams were apparently spilling over the shelf edge, scouring a funnel‐shaped bypass depression with chutes and forming an elongate, non‐channellized depositional lobe at the slope base. The study demonstrates the impact of sediment source type, shelf width, basin‐floor gradient and base‐level change on the style of deep‐water sedimentation.  相似文献   

Deep‐water foreland basin deposits of the Cerro Toro Formation,Magallanes basin,Chile: architectural elements of a sinuous basin axial channel belt     

STEPHEN M. HUBBARD  BRIAN W. ROMANS  STEPHAN A. GRAHAM 《Sedimentology》2008,55(5):1333-1359

Coarse‐grained deep‐water strata of the Cerro Toro Formation in the Cordillera Manuel Señoret, southern Chile, represent the deposits of a major channel belt (4 to 8 km wide by >100 km long) that occupied the foredeep of the Magallanes basin during the Late Cretaceous. Channel belt deposits comprise a ca 400 m thick conglomeratic interval (informally named the ‘Lago Sofia Member’) encased in bathyal fine‐grained units. Facies of the Lago Sofia Member include sandy matrix conglomerate (that show evidence of traction‐dominated deposition and sedimentation from turbulent gravity flows), muddy matrix conglomerate (graded units interpreted as coarse‐grained slurry‐flow deposits) and massive sandstone beds (high‐density turbidity current deposits). Interbedded sandstone and mudstone intervals are present locally, interpreted as inner levée deposits. The channel belt was characterized by a low sinuousity planform architecture, as inferred from outcrop mapping and extensive palaeocurrent measurements. Laterally adjacent to the Lago Sofia Member are interbedded mudstone and sandstone facies derived from gravity flows that spilled over the channel belt margin. A levée interpretation for these fine‐grained units is based on several observations, which include: (i) palaeocurrent measurements that indicate flows diverged (50° to 100°) once they spilled over the confining channel margin; (ii) sandstone beds progressively thin, away from the channel belt margin; (iii) evidence that the eroded channel base was not very well indurated, including a stepped margin and injection of coarse‐grained channel material into surrounding fine‐grained units; and (iv) the presence of sedimentary features common to levées, including slumped units inferring depositional slopes dipping away from the channel margin, lenticular sandstone beds thinning distally from the channel margin, soft sediment deformation and climbing ripples. The tectonic setting and foredeep architecture influenced deposition in the axial channel belt. A significant downstream constriction of the channel belt is reflected by a transition from more tabular units to an internal architecture dominated by lenticular beds associated with a substantially increased degree of scour. Differential propagation of the fold‐thrust belt from the west is speculated to have had a major control on basin, and subsequently channel, width. The confining influence of the basin slopes that paralleled the channel belt, as well as the likelihood that numerous conduits fed into the basin along the length of the active fold‐thrust belt to the west, suggest that proximal–distal relationships observed from large channels in passive margin settings are not necessarily applicable to axial channels in elongate basins.  相似文献   

柴北缘野马滩超高压榴辉岩中副片麻岩夹层的锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

陈丹玲  孙勇  刘良 《岩石学报》2008,24(5)

榴辉岩与围岩的变质程度和变质年龄研究是超高压竞质地体形成机制研究的关键.已有研究表明,柴北缘野马滩榴辉岩和围岩副片麻岩共同经历了超高压变质作用,榴辉岩的变质年龄为458±7Ma,但有关副片麻岩的变质时代存在争议,从而制约了本区超高压变质地体形成机制的讨论.本文选择新发现的野马滩超高压榴辉岩中的副片麻岩夹层进行详细的年代学和地球化学研究.锆石的阴极发光图象显示所选锆石具有清晰的核.边结构,为典型的变质碎屑锆石特征.LA-ICP-MS定年方法获得锆石核部原岩形成年龄为大于1000Ma,边部变质事件年龄为458±6Ma.该年龄与紧邻的超高压榴辉岩的变质年龄一致,指示二者形成于同一地质事件.岩石地球化学研究表明,片麻岩的原岩为形成于陆缘环境的含泥硅质岩.综合榴辉岩与片麻岩原岩形成构造背景、变质程度及产状关系,提出野马滩榴辉岩与围岩属"原地"关系,可能形成于陆壳的深俯冲作用.  相似文献   

桩锚支护结构在湖南运达国际广场深基坑工程中的应用     

吴晓恩  杨平园  李爱民 《探矿工程》2008,35(12):50-53

结合湖南运达国际广场深基坑支护工程实例,采用桩锚支护结构解决了施工场地复杂的支护难题,并对桩锚支护结构的设计计算作了详实的分析,经实践证明,效果良好。  相似文献   

深层搅拌技术在成都龙泉优诗美地基础处理工程中的应用研究          下载免费PDF全文

龚丕仁  付光强 《探矿工程》2008,35(12):63-65

在成都东部台地区域针对局部范围内的粘土、淤泥质粉质粘土等土层进行的深层搅拌及CFG桩法基础处理对比试验研究以及施工实践表明,深层搅拌法较CFG桩法更为适宜于处理该地层,其工程成果对四川地区今后类似的深层搅拌施工有着重要的借鉴和指导作用。  相似文献   

华南深部找矿有关问题探讨   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

王登红  许建祥  张家菁  李水如  许以明  曾载淋  陈郑辉 《地质学报》2008,82(7):865-2008-01-30

华南是我国目前最重要的有色金属矿业基地之一。该地区矿业发达但危机矿山也多,研究程度高但多数矿床的勘查工作在20年前就完成,成矿条件好、已发现矿产地点多面广但进一步找矿难度也大。因此,在华南开展深部找矿势在必行,而且受到了国家、地方政府和企业界的共同关注。中国地质调查局设立了湖南瑶岗仙、康家湾、玛瑙山,江西大吉山、荡坪、岿美山,广西佛子冲、铜坑、栗木、泗顶,广东瑶岭、石人嶂、大宝山等一批危机矿山项目,力争在这些矿山深部实现找矿突破。华南地区开展深部找矿需要研究成矿物质来源、矿床分类、成矿区带划分及其在一定深度（距离地表3000m）的变化情况,需要明确地表的战略性选区与点上的攻深找盲、探边摸底同样重要,需要加快中深钻（1000-3000m深度）钻探及相关测量技术的研究,需要通过对“物质不灭”、“能量守恒”和“时空无限但有序”三原则的把握来评价矿产资源的潜力。  相似文献   

用地震资料估计的龙门山断裂深部形变及其对于汶川地震成因的意义   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

赵祎喆  吴忠良  蒋长胜  朱传镇 《地质学报》2008,82(12):1778-1787

2008年5月12日汶川8.0级地震前龙门山断裂被“忽视”的原因之一是地质学证据和GPS测量证据均显示龙门山断裂长期以来形变速率很低。问题是,构造地质的结果是对一个较长的时间尺度的,而GPS结果反映的是较短时间尺度上的、地表上的、水平方向的形变,因此有理由怀疑由此得到的结论能否反映现今龙门山断裂的深部形变的全貌。我们采用类似于Kostrov方法的思路,利用最近30 a的地震资料,试图研究龙门山断裂的深部形变,并与其相邻的断裂进行比较。利用ML2.5以上的微震资料,给出了沿龙门山断裂带的累积Benioff应变,并根据震级频度关系计算了a值的空间分布。作为对照,同时计算了龙门山断裂邻区沿鲜水河、安宁河、则木河断裂各区域内的累积Benioff应变和a值。结果表明,在与地质学证据不同的时间尺度上,在与GPS证据不同的时间尺度、不同的深度上,并且不仅考虑到水平形变,与周边的断裂带相比,龙门山断裂带其实并不是一个“安静的”断裂带。在更短的时间尺度上,可以回溯性地观察到微震活动的一些异常变化,但这些变化似乎很难用于该地震的预测。我们讨论了相关的观测资料分析对于汶川地震的成因的意义。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地深部流体对碳酸盐岩储层影响   总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26  

朱东亚  金之钧  胡文瑄  张学丰 《地质论评》2008,54(3):348-354

塔里木盆地地质历史上发生了强烈的岩浆—火山作用,喷出岩和侵入岩在多条野外剖面上可以见到,并被大量的钻井所揭示。伴随岩浆—火山作用会有大量的深部流体活动。盆地内部众多的深大断裂,包括隐伏基底断裂和盖层基底断裂,以及与之相连的小的断裂和裂缝构成了深部流体活动的必要通道。在深部流体作用下,下古生界碳酸盐岩产生了显著的溶蚀作用,溶蚀形成密集的针状孔隙或几毫米大小的小型溶孔,这些溶蚀孔隙对碳酸盐岩储层储集空间改善有着积极的意义。除溶蚀作用外,深部流体还在碳酸盐岩的裂缝或孔隙中沉淀形成多种典型的矿物,如方解石、石英、白云石、萤石、闪锌矿、黄铁矿等;这些矿物通常以几种类型矿物组成的矿物组合出现,如在塔北的沙15井可以见到石英、白云石和萤石组合产出,在塔中的塔中45井可以见到方解石、萤石、石英组合产出,在塔中12井可以见到闪锌矿、黄铁矿和绿泥石的组合产出。深部流体作用还使断裂附近的白云岩发生重结晶作用成为浅灰色/白色的中粗晶白云岩,以塔北的沙15井和巴楚三岔口剖面的重结晶白云岩最为典型。重结晶后的白云岩产生大量的晶间孔隙;并且重结晶过程中深部流体还对白云岩产生溶蚀形成大量的溶蚀孔隙,对白云岩储层改善起着重要的作用。  相似文献   

黄金坪水电站深厚覆盖层跟管钻进工艺研究     

陈修星  冯杨文  侯锦  赵晓俐 《探矿工程》2008,35(11):10-12,16

结合大渡河黄金坪电站深厚覆盖层帷幕灌浆试验项目需要,对深厚覆盖层跟76 m深套管护壁钻进这一高难度技术进行攻关研究,并提出两级跟管的钻孔结构,圆满实现了试验灌浆孔非灌段跟76 m深套管的目标,为今后类似工程跟管施工提供了重要的参考借鉴作用。  相似文献